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The Doctors' Trial is the unofficial name for the particular Nuremberg Trial held before a U.S. military court for 23 Nazi medical doctors and officials accused of criminal human experimentation and mass murder under the guise of euthanasia. The trial began on December 9, 1946, and concluded on August 20, 1947, and was one of a series of trials held in Nuremberg, Germany after World War II for individuals being charged as war criminals. The Doctors' trial involved twenty physicians and three officials who engaged in Nazi human experimentation and mass murder. It led to the Nuremberg Code, a set of ethical standards for research with human subjects.

Spartacus (c. 109 B.C.E. - 71 B.C.E.) the leader of the major slave uprising against the Roman Republic known as the Third Servile War. Probably born in Thrace, he may have been a former soldier who deserted the Roman army, was captured, and sent to the gladiator school at Capua. In 73 B.C.E., some 70 gladiators escaped to Mt. Vesuvius, where they were joined by slaves and farm workers. There, the ragtag group was transformed by Spartacus and his comrades into a first-class fighting force. He attempted to lead the slaves north to freedom beyond the Alps. However, they chose instead to turn back to Italy, and in a final battle Spartacus and 60,000 of his men fell.