Main Page

New World Encyclopedia integrates facts with values. Written by certified experts.

Alexander Hamilton, author of Federalist No. 23

Federalist No. 23, titled "The Necessity of a Government as Energetic as the One Proposed to the Preservation of the Union", is a political essay written by Alexander Hamilton and the twenty-third of The Federalist Papers. It was first published in New York newspapers on December 18, 1787, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist Papers were published. This entry shifted the focus of the series, beginning an extended analysis of the proposed constitution and its provisions regarding commerce and national defense.

Popular Article: Silurian

A map of Earth as it appeared 430 million years ago during the Silurian Period

The Silurian period is an interval of about 28 million years defined on the geologic timescale as spanning roughly from 444 to 416 million years ago (mya) and lying between the earlier Ordovician period and the later Devonian period. As with other geologic periods, the rock beds defining the period's start and end are well identified, but the exact dates are uncertain by five to ten million years. The base of the Silurian is set at a major extinction event when 60 percent of marine species were wiped out.

Did you know?

General Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865, is commonly viewed as signifying the end of the American Civil War (source: Robert E. Lee)

> more interesting facts