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New World Encyclopedia integrates facts with values. Written by certified experts.


Featured Article: Padmasambhava

Guru Rinpoche - Padmasambhava statue - near Kulu
Padmasambhava (eighth century C.E.) (Sanskrit for "Lotus-born") was a Tantric Buddhist Master who helped to transmit Tantric Buddhism to Tibet during the eighth century. Also known as Guru Rinpoche ("Precious Master"), followers of the Nyingma school regard him as the founder of their lineage, and some Buddhists view Padmasambhava as an incarnation of AmitÄbha Buddha. The flavor of Tibetan Buddhism owes much to the life of Padmasambhava, and he is lauded as one of the most important figures in Tibetan religious history.

Popular Article: Vivian Vance

Publicity photo of Vivian Vance from "The Lucy Show"
Vivian Vance (July 26, 1909 – August 17, 1979) was an American Emmy Award-winning television actress, theater actress, and singer. She is often referred to as "TV’s most beloved second banana," because she is best known for her role as sidekick Ethel Mertz on the landmark American television sitcom, I Love Lucy. Plagued by crippling bouts of depression during her stage career, Vance was one of the first celebrities to speak openly about mental illness.

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In the Middle Ages, Constantinople was the richest European city and was known as the "Queen of Cities" (source: Constantinople)